How does biodiversity positively impact aquatic ecosystems?

Biodiversity plays a crucial role in supporting healthy aquatic ecosystems through several mechanisms. A diverse array of species contributes to the complexity and resilience of the ecosystem. This resilience allows the ecosystem to better withstand pressures such as pollution, climate change, and habitat alterations. Different species fulfill various ecological roles, such as producers, consumers, and decomposers, which enhances nutrient cycling and energy flow within the ecosystem.

Furthermore, biodiversity also promotes water quality. A variety of organisms contribute to the breakdown of organic matter and nutrient uptake, which can mitigate eutrophication—a process where nutrient overload leads to harmful algal blooms and oxygen depletion. Diverse aquatic plants not only serve as habitat for various species but also help stabilize sediments and filter pollutants, resulting in clearer and healthier water.

The other options do not capture the positive contributions of biodiversity to aquatic ecosystems. Reducing species competition can often lead to dominance of certain species, which could decrease overall ecosystem health. Increasing waterway exploitation rates typically refers to overharvesting or unsustainable practices, which harm biodiversity. Limiting species variety in a habitat generally leads to a more vulnerable ecosystem that struggles with environmental changes and threats. Thus, the understanding of how biodiversity positively impacts aquatic systems is essential for effective ecosystem management and conservation efforts.